Monday, September 14, 2015

Handel: Messiah

A few months ago, I wrote a rather long post about Handel's Messiah, and - just like I thought - a few days after I posted it, I found an-other Biblical source for the text.  And then I kept finding more.  I still haven't found all of them, but I've found enough that I didn't have in my last post to think that it's worth updating.  So this post is an addendum to the first, although I'm including only the sources I've found for the Biblical texts.  Like I said in my original post, I could probably just look them all up somewhere, but I wanted to find them myself.

What I've written about the music can still be found here.

Part I


1.  Symphony
2.  Comfort ye my people

"Comfort, comfort my people, says your God.  Speak tenderly to Jerusalem, and cry to her that her warfare is ended, that her iniquity is pardoned, that she has received from the LORD's hand double for all her sins.  A voice cries: 'In the wilderness prepare the way of the LORD; make straight in the desert a highway for our God.'" - Isaiah 40:1-3

3.  Ev'ry valley shall be exalted

"'Every valley shall be lifted up, and every mountain and hill be made low; the uneven ground shall become level, and the rough places a plain.'" - Isaiah 40:4

4.  And the glory of the Lord

"'And the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together, for the mouth of the LORD has spoken.'" - Isaiah 40:5

5.  Thus saith the Lord of hosts

"For thus says the LORD of hosts: Yet once more, in a little while, I will shake the heavens and the earth and the sea and the dry land.  And I will shake all nations, so that the treasures of all nations shall come in, and I will fill this house with glory, says the LORD of hosts." -Haggai 2:6-7

"Behold, I send my messenger, and he will prepare the way before me.  And the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to his temple; and the messenger of the covenant in whom you delight, behold, he is coming, says the LORD of hosts." - Malachi 3:1

6.  But who may abide the day of His coming

"But who can endure the day of his coming, and who can stand when he appears?  For he is like a refiner's fire and like fullers' soap." - Malachi 3:2

7.  And he shall purify the sons of Levi

"He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver, and he will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver, and they will bring offerings in righteousness to the LORD." - Malachi 3:3

8.  Behold, a virgin shall conceive

"Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign.  Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel." - Isaiah 7:14

This is also quoted in Matthew, where it includes the "God with us."

"'Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel" (which means, God with us)." - Matthew 1:23

9.  O thou that tellest good tidings to Zion

"Get you up to a high mountain, O Zion, herald of good news; lift up your voice with strength, O Jerusalem, herald of good news; lift it up, fear not; say to the cities of Judah, 'Behold your God!'" - Isaiah 40:9

"Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of the LORD has risen upon you." - Isaiah 60:1

10.  For behold, darkness shall cover the earth

"For behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and thick darkness the peoples; but the LORD will arise upon you, and his glory will be seen upon you." - Isaiah 60:2

11.  The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light

"The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light; those who dwelt in a land of deep darkness, on them has light shined." - Isaiah 9:2

12.  For unto us a child is born

"For to us a child is born, to us a son is given; and the government shall be upon his shoulder, and his name shall be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace." - Isaiah 9:6

13.  Pifa
14.  There were shepherds abiding in the fields

"And in the same region there were shepherds out in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night.  And an angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were filled with fear." - Luke 2:8-9

15.  And the angel said unto them

"And the angel said to them, 'Fear not, for behold, I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all people.  For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, who is Christ the Lord.'" - Luke 2:10-11

16.  And suddenly there was with the angel

"And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying," - Luke 2:13

17.  Glory to God in the highest

"'Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace among those with whom he is pleased!'" - Luke 2:14

18.  Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion

"Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion!  Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem!  Behold, your king is coming to you; righteous and having salvation is he, humble and mounted on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.  I will cut off the chariot from Ephraim and the war horse from Jerusalem; and the battle bow shall be cut off, and he shall speak peace to the nations; his rule shall be from sea to sea, and from the River to the ends of the earth." - Zechariah 9:9-10

19.  Then shall the eyes of the blind be opened

"Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf unstopped; then shall the lame man leap like a deer, and the tongue of the mute sing for joy." - Isaiah 35:5-6a

20.  He shall feed his flock like a shepherd

"He will tend his flock like a shepherd; he will gather the lambs in his arms; he will carry them in his bosom, and gently lead those that are with young." - Isaiah 40:11

"'Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.  Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.'" - Matthew 11:28-29

21.  His yoke is easy

"'For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.'" - Matthew 11:30


Part II


22.  Behold the Lamb of God

"The next day he [John] saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, 'Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!'" - John 1:29

23.  He was despised and rejected of men

"He was despised and rejected by men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide the faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not." - Isaiah 53:3

"I gave my back to those who strike, and my cheeks to those who pull out the beard; I hid not my face from disgrace and spitting." - Isaiah 50:6

24.  Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows

"Surely he has borne our griefs and carried out sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted.  But he was wounded for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace..." - Isaiah 53:4-5

25.  And with his stripes we are healed

"... and with his stripes we are healed." - Isaiah 53:5

26.  All we like sheep have gone astray

"All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned - every one - to his own way; and the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of us all." - Isaiah 53:6

27.  All they that see him laugh him to scorn
28.  He trusted in God that he would deliver him
29.  Thy rebuke hath broken his heart
30.  Behold and see if there be any sorrow
31.  He was cut off

"By oppression and judgement he was taken away; and as for his generation, who considered that he was cut off out of the land of the living, stricken for the transgression of my people?" - Isaiah 53:8

32.  But thou didst not leave his soul in hell

In my previous Messiah post, I postulated that this was related to Psalm 16:10 - "For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, or let your holy one see corruption."  I found a similar verse in the New Testament:

"'For you will not abandon my soul to Hades, or let your Holy One see corruption.'" - Acts 2:27

33.  Lift up your heads, O ye gates

"Lift up your heads, O gates!  And be lifted up, O ancient doors, that the King of glory may come in.  Who is this King of glory?  The LORD, strong and mighty, the LORD, mighty in battle!  Lift up your heads, O gates!  And lift them up, O ancient doors, that the King of glory may come in.  Who is this King of glory?  The LORD of hosts, he is the King of glory!" - Psalm 24:7-10

34.  Unto which of the angels

"For to which of the angels did God ever say, 'You are my Son, today I have begotten you'?  Or again, 'I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son'?" - Hebrews 1:5

35.  Let all the angels of God worship Him

"And again, when he brings the firstborn into the world, he says, 'Let all God's angels worship him.'" - Hebrews 1:6

36.  Thou art gone up on high

There's some similarity between the text here and Ephesians 4:8:  "Therefore it says, 'When he ascended on high he led a host of captives, and he gave gifts to men.'"

37.  The Lord gave the word
38.  How beautiful are the feet

"How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him who brings good news, who publishes peace, who brings good news of happiness, who publishes salvation, who says to Zion, 'Your God reigns.'  The voice of your watchmen - they lift up their voice; together they sing for joy; for eye to eye they see the return of the LORD to Zion.  Break forth together into singing, you waste places of Jerusalem, for the LORD has comforted his people; he has redeemed Jerusalem." - Isaiah 52:7-9

39.  Their sound is gone out
40.  Why do the nations so furiously rage together

"Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain?  The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD and his Anointed, saying," - Psalm 2:1-2

41.  Let us break their bonds asunder

"'Let us burst their bonds apart and cast away their cords from us.'" - Psalm 2:3

42.  He that dwelleth in heaven

"He who sits in the heavens laughs; the Lord holds them in derision." - Psalm 2:4

43.  Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron

"You shall break them with a rod of iron and dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel." - Psalm 2:9

44.  Hallelujah

"Then I heard what seemed to be the voice of a great multitude, like the roar of many waters and like the sound of mighty peals of thunder, crying out, 'Hallelujah!  For the Lord our God the Almighty reigns.'" - Revelation 19:6

"Then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, saying, 'The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he shall reign forever and ever.'" - Revelation 11:15

"On his robe and on his thigh he has a name written, King of kings and Lord of Lords." - Revelation 19:16

Part III


45.  I know that my Redeemer liveth

"For I know that my Redeemer lives, and at the last he will stand upon the earth.  And after my skin has been thus destroyed, yet in my flesh I shall see God." - Job 19:25-26

"But in fact Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep." - 1 Corinthians 15:20

46.  Since by man came death

"For as by a man came death, by a man has come also the resurrection of the dead.  For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive." - 1 Corinthians 15:21-22

47.  Behold, I tell you a mystery

"Behold!  I tell you a mystery.  We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet." - 1 Corinthians 15:51-52a

48.  The trumpet shall sound

"For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we shall be changed.  For this perishable body must put on the imperishable, and this mortal body must put on immortality." - 1 Corinthians 15:52b-53

49.  Then shall be brought to pass

"When the perishable puts on the imperishable, and the mortal puts on immortality, then shall come to pass the saying that is written:  'Death is swallowed up in victory.'" - 1 Corinthians 15:54

50.  O death, where is thy sting

"'O death, where is your victory?  O death, where is your sting?'  The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law." - 1 Corinthians 15:55-56

I looked into the source for this text a bit more, and - apparently - it's a quotation of Hosea 13:14: "Shall I ransom them from the power of Sheol?  Shall I redeem them from Death?  O Death, where are your plagues?  O Sheol, where is your sting?  Compassion is hidden from my eyes."

51.  But thanks be to God

"But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ." - 1 Corinthians 15:57

52.  If God be for us, who can be against us

"If God is for us, who can be against us?" - Romans 8:31b

"Who shall bring any charge against God's elect?  It is God who justifies.  Who is to condemn?  Christ Jesus is the one who died - more than that, who was raised - who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us." - Romans 8:33-34

53.  Worthy is the Lamb, Amen

"[Many angels were] saying with a loud voice, 'Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might and honor and glory and blessing!'  And I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and in the sea, and all that is in them, saying, 'To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be blessing and honor and glory and might forever and ever!'  And the four living creatures said, 'Amen!' and the elders fell down and worshipped" - Revelation 5:12-14